2021 ANNUAL REPORT | Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology & Advanced Materials

106 Drosophila”. Nature communication, 2020. • Assa Bentzur, Shir Ben-Shaanan, Jennifer Benishou, Eliezer Costi, Amiyaal Ilany, Galit Shohat-Ophir. “Social Interaction and Network Structure in Groups of Drosophila are Shaped by Prior Social Experience and Group Composition”. Drosophila, 2020. Prof. Shpaisman Hagay Department of Chemistry Member of BINA Nano-Materials Centers Research Areas • Directed assembly • Composites and hybrid materials • 3D Printing • Polymerization & phase separation processes • Holographic Optical Tweezers (HOT) • Standing acoustic waves • MicrofluidicsV Abstract Directed Materials Assembly by Optical and Acoustic Forces We develop novel concepts based on the idea that forces arising from light (as optical traps or photo- thermal based) and standing acoustic waves can be used to influence the products of ongoing chemical reactions. These forces dictate the spatial distribution of the materials, their mesoscopic structure and could allow the formation of new composite materials. These approaches have many benefits compared to other “bottom-up” methods for material assembly that conventionally rely on accumulation of preformed materials. A key feature of our methodology is its modularity, as it could be implemented on various material systems. Due to the flexibility in material choice, this innovative approach will open the door to new ways to act upon materials, with envisioned applications in 3D printing, electronics and sensing. We develop novel methods for bottom-up directed assembly by utilizing concepts from chemistry, physics, and materials science. Publications 2020 and 2021 • Eitan Edri, Nina Armon, Ehud Greenberg, Shlomit Moshe-Tsurel, Danielle Lubotzky, Tommaso Salzillo, Ilana Perelshtein, Maria Tkachev, Olga Girshevitz, Hagay Shpaisman. “Laser Printing of Multilayered Alternately Conducting and Insulating Microstructures”. ACS applied materials & interfaces, 2021. • Nina Armon, Ehud Greenberg, Eitan Edri, Ornit Nagler-Avramovitz, Yuval Elias, Hagay Shpaisman. “Laser-Based Printing: From Liquids to Microstructures”. Advanced Functional Materials 31 (13), 2008547, 2021. • S. Cohen, H. Sazan, A. Kenigsberg, H. Shchori, S. Piperno, H. Shpaisman* & O. Shefi*. “Large- scale acoustic-driven neuronal patterning and directed outgrowth”. Scientific Reports 10, 4932, 2020. • G. Rahamim, M. Mirilashvili, P. Nanikashvili, E. Greenberg, H. Shpaisman, D. Grinstein, S. Welner & D. Zitoun*. “Hydrogen sensors with high humidity tolerance based on indium-tin oxide colloids”. Sensors & Actuators: B. Chemical 310, 127845, 2020. • O. Wagner, E. Edri, P. Hadikahani, H. Shpaisman, Z. Zalevsky & D. Psaltis. “Microfluidic-based linear-optics labelfree imager”. Lab-on-a-Chip, 20, 12591266, 2020. • E. Edri, N. Armon, E. Greenberg, E. Hadad, M. Bockstaller & H. Shpaisman*. “Assembly of conductive polyaniline microstructures by a laser-induced microbubble”. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Accepted 2020. Prof. Shwartz Sharon Department of Physics Member of BINA Nano- Photonics Center Research Areas • Demonstration of an X-ray Autocorrelator • Imaging of chemical bonds in solids, quantum imaging with x-rays • Second Harmonic Generation at X-ray wavelength, X-ray Parametric down Conversion • Generation of X-ray Bi-photons Abstract Nonlinear X-ray Optics In the past few decades, the fields of nonlinear and quantum optics at visible and infrared wavelengths have grown rapidly. Nonlinear optical techniques have been applied to many diverse disciplines ranging from atomic, molecular, and solid state physics and materials science, to chemical dynamics, biophysics, medicine, and even neuro-science, where brain activity is studied through two- photon microscopy. The field of quantum optics has provided important insights into numerous quantum phenomena, and the demonstration of effects such as entanglement and squeezed light has led to the observations of remarkable results. However, ordinary nonlinear optics processes, taken into the x-ray regime, are known to be very weak, while available x-ray sources suffer from insufficient brightness. Recent and expected improvements in brightness and beam quality of x-ray sources, together with new facilities such as the x-ray freeelectron laser (FEL), do offer the possibility of extending the concepts of nonlinear and quantum optics into x-ray energies. The new facilities with their increased power allow the observation of new x-ray nonlinear and quantum effects. Our group uses these advanced technologies to study new effects at x-ray wavelengths. A major part of our research is aimed at fundamental science with the focus on the demonstration and study novel nonlinear and quantum processes at x-ray wavelengths. This is a new system offering

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