Defense-Tech: Israel’s Quiet Frontline of National Security

For decades, Israel has been recognized as a global powerhouse in defense technologies. But maintaining that edge doesn’t rest solely on military shoulders. Behind the scenes, scientists, engineers, and researchers are developing tools and systems that will shape not only future conflicts—but the fragile peace that stretches between them.

Whether it’s the drone scanning live footage over a battlefield, an algorithm detecting anomalies in intelligence data, or a sensor pinpointing human presence behind a wall—these aren’t science fiction. They’re the reality of Israel’s thriving defense-tech industry: a dynamic and rapidly evolving ecosystem that positions technology at the forefront of security, bridging military, academia, and industry in a uniquely integrated model.

Innovation Born from Isolation

Israel’s defense industry didn’t rise by chance. From its earliest days, geopolitical pressures and international embargoes forced the country to develop technological self-reliance. This necessity gave rise to defense research institutes and military production hubs, laying the groundwork for today’s flourishing ecosystem.

In 2024, Israel’s defense exports reached a record $14.7 billion, employing over 100,000 people and delivering hundreds of technologies now in use by armed forces around the world. But Israel’s strategic advantage isn’t just technical—it’s structural. Unlike many countries, where research and field operations remain siloed, Israel has fostered a living, responsive connection between three core sectors: the military, academia, and industry. This triad fuels a streamlined pathway from idea to operational deployment.

From Circuits to Psychology: Expanding the Boundaries of Defense-Tech

Bar-Ilan University isn’t a defense body—but it’s rapidly becoming a hub for defense-tech research. In recent years, a growing network of researchers has emerged at the university, exploring the security implications of science and technology far beyond traditional military domains. Their work spans engineering, medicine, psychology, law, and education.

Today, dozens of defense-relevant research projects are underway at Bar-Ilan, including:

• Development of self-sufficient sensors that eliminate dependency on imported components.

• AI-powered signal detection algorithms utilizing natural language processing (NLP) and large language models (LLMs)—technologies once reserved for the private sector, now leveraged for intelligence gathering.

• Smart military energy solutions, such as field-ready charging systems and renewable energy harvesting under hostile conditions.

• Advanced nanomaterials that block thermal detection or camouflage personnel and equipment from high-end surveillance systems.

The scope of innovation extends well beyond hardware. Researchers in medicine and psychology are tackling post-traumatic stress among soldiers and civilians. Educational specialists are designing remote learning systems for children evacuated from conflict zones. And legal scholars are dissecting the ethical and legal frameworks surrounding autonomous systems in warfare.

Listening to the Heart—with Lasers

Among those leading the charge is Prof. Zeev Zalevsky, Bar-Ilan’s Vice President for Industry Relations. A defense innovator in his own right, Zalevsky helped develop a laser-based system capable of detecting signs of life—such as breathing and heartbeat—through walls and from a distance.

Now, he’s building a cross-disciplinary community of defense-tech researchers, aiming to position academia as a key player in strengthening Israel’s technological defenses.“Israel’s defense-tech industry excels at rapid adaptation of existing technologies,” says Zalevsky. “But if we want to lead in the next decade, we must invest in foundational research. Academia is the place to ask the questions no one’s asking in the field—and to imagine solutions no one’s thought of yet.”

The Road Ahead: A Stronger Link Between Science and Security

Zalevsky is working to deepen ties between Bar-Ilan researchers and the broader defense-tech industry. His vision includes:

• Facilitating collaborations between defense officials and academic experts

• Establishing a research consortium focused on high-impact projects

• Securing funding to translate theoretical insights into real-world applications

“In recent years, defense-tech is one of the only sectors where Israel’s global standing hasn’t diminished—it’s only grown stronger,” Zalevsky concludes. “Now is the time to build on that momentum by tightening the bonds between academia, industry, and national defense.”